History Of Alzheimer’S Disease Essay Example For Students

History Of Alzheimer’S Disease Essay Alzheimers DiseaseNoah RodmanHelen PackeyEnglish 120November 5, 2001Alzheimers DiseaseImagine waking up one morning and you cannot remember where you are or your own childs name. This could be a direct sign that you or a family member has Alzheimers disease. Alzheimers disease is a form of dementia, which means that it affects certain functions of the brain such as memory, logic, and everyday bodily functions. This disease was first described by a doctor named Alois Alzheimer in 1906. He discovered unusual growths of fibers in the brains of woman that had died from an unusual mental illness (National Institute, 1995). Many people do not realize how severe this disease really is. These people also do not realize how much of a risk there is of developing the disease. Four million people in the United States today are afflicted with Alzheimers disease. It is estimated that about 22 million people around the world currently have this disease (St.George-Hyslop, 2000). Another very interes ting fact about Alzheimers is that the changes in the brain take place 20 to 40 years before the patient shows any symptoms. About ten percent of Americans have this disease by the age of 65, and about 50 percent of Americans have the disease by the age of 85. People can live well into their 90s, and they still retain most of their memories and control of their bodies (Kahn, 1998). This disease is a disease that everyone in the United States should be concerned about. Scientists believe that they know what causes this disease to occur. It is caused by proteins in the brain that go terribly wrong. These proteins form clusters inside the brain, and they produce a toxin that affects nerve cells. These nerve cells are then lost, and this affects certain parts of the brain that control certain functions. This directly affects two parts of the brain, the hippocampus and the cerebral cortex. These two parts of the brain control memory, reasoning, language, and other bodily functions (St. G eorge-Hyslop, 2000). Alzheimers disease has a major effect on not only the patients life, but on the lives of the patients family as well. This disease takes a very slow path in its development. It may start as just some short-term memory loss. This means that a person with Alzheimers may forget little things, like what he or she ate for dinner last night or why they went to the refrigerator. These symptoms can be overlooked as just a part of the aging process. As the disease progresses, however, the symptoms get much worse. Sometimes people with Alzheimers forget where they are, and they can even forget what they are doing half way through a simple task, like making toast (National Institute, 1995). A few years ago, I went to Thanksgiving dinner at my grandmothers house. My whole family knew that my great aunt had Alzheimers, but no one knew how bad it had gotten. My aunt and I always had great conversations about life, but when I went to say hello to her, she did not even know my name. She could hardly remember anybodys name, and we were all her closest family. What made things look even worse was half way through din ner she remembered my name, only to say, Noah can you pass the mashed potatoes? About two minutes later, she had once again forgotten my name. Believe it or not this disease gets even worse. People with Alzheimers can eventually start forgetting to do their everyday tasks such as brushing their teeth, combing their hair, and a person can even forget when to go to the bathroom. After a while, a person may need 24 hour a day care. Many times a spouse or an offspring will take the job of a patients caretaker. The job of the caregiver is a very tolling one. This person needs to totally devote him of her self to the job. Shenk (2001 p. 15) interviewed a caregiver, who stated, She needs to be watched every second, as she wants to go home and has attempted to walk there many times. Of course home is always in a different place, depending on where her memory of her life happens to be. Shenk (2001) also points out that patients often become very angry and blame the majority of the anger on t heir caregiver. For example, when my cousin was taking care of my aunt, she would often get very mad at him like a child would get mad at his parents because they would not let the child buy a piece of candy. My aunt would become furious, and sometime she would even try to hit him. This point was illustrated by Shenk (2001) in the following passage:All her anger is focused on me; she calls me fat and no good. She says I dont even care if she lives or dies. She accuses me of stealing her things, and accuses my children, who dont smoke of taking her cigarettes. When she gets into repetitive complaining about me, Ive often felt that I would love to place her somewhere else, anywhere but hereif I could find someone who would take good care of her. (p. 16) As the Alzheimers Fact Sheet (1995) points out, patients will eventually begin to wander away from home. Several times the police have been enlisted to help track her down. Once she was found with mud up to her knees. She had tried to walk across a swamp (Shenk, 2001, p. 16). This happened only when the caregiver took her eyes off of her mother for a couple of seconds. The caregiver cannot be blamed for this, but it shows how much responsibility the caregiver really has. One day my cousin fell asleep while my aunt was taking a nap. A couple of hours later he awoke to the phone ringing. The call was from a supermarket about ten miles away. They said that my aunt had gone shopping, but she did not have any money to pay for what she wanted. My cousin had taken my aunt shopping the previous day. In my aunts case, and in most other cases, this disease will kill the patient. The brain will lose the ability to command certain organs in the body. In my aunts case, her liver stopped functioning. She died about two days later. Every patient will eventually meet a similar doom. The worst part is that nothing can be done about this. There is no way to stop the disease from taking its path. Final Project Arts EssayAlzheimers will eventually lead to death, if something else does not happen along the way. There are no ways to prevent the disease, and there has yet to be a cure found for the disease. The most difficult part of this disease is that a person does not need to have the disease to suffer from it. The caregivers are doomed to watch his or her family slowly turn back into a toddler like state. The caregivers are also faced with being reeducated. Every few months, the caregiver must learn to deal with the new changes that have occurred in the patients disease. Eventually, the caregiver is responsible for all of the following: makeshift remedies, negotiating impossible requests and insults, financial responsibilities, shopping and cooking, dressing, and bathing. This can cost a caregiver tens of thousands of dollars a year (Shenk, 2001). There are currently two drugs to aid in the treatment of Alzheimers disease. These drugs are only effective during the first couple years of the disease. The drugs are called Cognex and Aricept. Both of these drugs work by increasing a chemical in the brain that works with memory. They do not cure the disease, but they do produce some improvement in patients. In Kahns story (1998) a daughter of a patient was very pleased with Aricept, the reversal of her condition was remarkable. For over a year, I kind of got my mom back (p,18). This disease is obviously a horrible one. It can rip a family apart, and there is nothing that can be done about it. Hopefully, one day a cure will be found, but in the mean time, Alzheimers disease has total control over a person who is afflicted with it. It also has control over the family of the person afflicted with it. Almost everyone in this country has some sort of tie to this disease, and this is why more research should be done in hopes of finding a cure. ReferencesKahn, C. (1998, November, 8). New drugs and hope for Alzheimers patients. Parade Magazine, 16-19. National Institute on Aging. (1995). Alzheimers Disease Fact Sheet. RetrievedOctober 22, 2001, from the World Wide Web: http://www.alzheimers.org/pubs/adfact.htmlShenk, D. (2001, November-December). The War on Alzheimers. My Generation, 15-20. St. George-Hyslop, P.H. (2000). Words/ Pages : 3,142 / 24

Titanic Movie Poster Essay Research Paper The free essay sample

Titanic Movie Poster Essay, Research Paper The screen box for Titanic reveals two different significances to the audience. The first is an expressed significance, of which is clearly presented through the assorted images on the screen. The 2nd significance, the inexplicit significance, is nuance suggested amongst the images and requires some idea to hold on. Through the usage of implicit and expressed significance, the film box creates involvement and machination. The screen is composed of images that tell the audience right off what they can anticipate from the film. Initially catching the audience s eyes is Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet pictured at the top of the box. DiCaprio s arm is around Kate Winstlet, proposing that the film is about these two being lovers. The character of Kate Winslet is have oning diamond earrings, which shows that character is from a rich or good off background. The histrions names appear above them in a little, difficult to read fount, likely because the histrions are celebrated plenty that they are recognizable to the public by merely their faces. We will write a custom essay sample on Titanic Movie Poster Essay Research Paper The or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Next, the big image of the bow of a big ship tells the audience the scene of the film is placed on a ship. The ship is evidently the celebrated Titanic as suggested by the bold rubric across it. The manager # 8217 ; s name, James Cameron is above the rubric, possibly to pull involvement from the manager s fans. Under the rubric states the movie has won eleven academy awards including best image. The intent of saying this fact is to inform the audience how critically acclaimed the film is, and possibly making more involvement than compared to non holding the claim on the box at all. By analyzing the screen a little more closely, several impli cit significances can be made out. The first is how the histrions are confronting. Kate Winslet s back is towards DiCaprio. This suggests that even though they are in love something might be keeping her dorsum from to the full encompassing him. Their eyes are lowered, giving the feeling that they are deep in idea as if they are seeking to calculate things out. The ship seems to typify their love ; which is huge, strong and continually hammering forth. The manner the word Titanic is presented besides signifies their love. The words look like they are of steel ; which is strong and solid, like the love for each other. If looked closely, one can see that the characters are shown utilizing really soft and bleached colors giving a wispy feel and the ship is really crisp with the colorss bold. The inexplicit significance behind the contrast is to mean how the ship is the key to to the full understanding the narrative of these two lovers. Possibly a secret between so is locked within the sh ip. In making this inquiry, the audience is intrigued into sing this film to happen out what significance the ship has with the two characters. The film box uses expressed messages to catch the audiences oculus. Right off it reveals that this is a narrative of two immature lovers likely on a ship. In province the manager # 8217 ; s name, James Cameron, and the academy awards with the intended intent of converting that this is a worthwhile film to watch. If the possible spectator is still non wholly convinced in leasing or purchasing, so this is when the inexplicit significances come in to play. By showing elusive messages and raising wonder, the inexplicit messages are used to give the audience that small push over the fencing in make up ones minding to see the film or non.

Modern society and Traditional soceity essays

Modern society and Traditional soceity essays There is a very simple way to define the difference between Traditional and Modern societies. The fundamental difference is that of the personal and the impersonal society. The personal or traditional society is quite formal. Peoples names are indicators of social status. The community is aware of who belongs in their given space and who doesnt. There is a strong sense of morality that is generally shared by members of the community. Even time is kept by a concrete system governed by harvests, solar or lunar cycles. The impersonal or modern society is much more abstract and informal. Names are arbitrary and can be changed at will without any significant social effect. Individuals rarely know their next door neighbors let alone who belongs in their community. Morality is left more or less to the individual although the individual must behave in accordance with agreed upon laws established by communal morality. Time is also arbitrary yet extremely important. Peoples lives, careers and even mental health are greatly affected by a system of time that has no solid basis for existence. These examples show the clear difference between Traditional and Modern societies. As we read in lecture no pure example of either exists anywhere in the world. Each example is something any given society strives for based on which example more closely represents their current social organization. 3. Puzos The Godfather reflects a traditional outlook on society and politics. Amerigo Bonasera an apparent immigrant to the United States put a great deal of faith in the American political system, in particular the judicial system when his daughter was severely beaten. Amerigo was disappointed in the ruling of the court to essentially free his daughters attackers citing their young age, clean records and fine families as reason for light punishment. If the law had more of a modern approach none of the previously ...

In the eye of Law; a review of the European Single Market in Financial Essay

In the eye of Law; a review of the European Single Market in Financial Services - Essay Example Since the establishment of the European Union in 1957 – through the Treaty of Rome – the increase of the political, social and financial stability across the European Union has been related with the introduction of policies that are supported by all the member states – or at least from the most powerful ones; this is another aspect of the European Union. The achievement of benefits for all its members is based on policies decided by the Union’s representative bodies – like the European Commission and the Council of Europe; at the next level, the European Court of Justice1 has been established aiming to help to the resolution of conflicts that appear while applying the European Union regulations. One of the most important elements of the European Union is the Single Market which has the role of the platform on which financial activities are developed; the borders of the Single Market are defined by the borders of the member states – the fact t hat there are certain states that do not participate in the Euro-zone do not affect the field in which the activities of the Single Market are developed; Single market is a concept broader from the Euro-zone. All member states belong to the Single market zone but not also in the Euro-zone – the participation in which is depended on specific requirements. The single market has been extensively explored – in all its aspects; however, there are certain of its elements that should be more closely observed and analyzed – the Financial Services sector is such case. The legal history of the specific sector is set under examination in this paper. It is concluded that the development of this sector has been related with specific targets and requirements; the effectiveness of its rules could be higher – taking into consideration the importance of this sector for the further development of the European Union. The establishment of the European Union has been decided in the context of the need for increasing the

Goverment & Funding In the State of North Carolina Personal Statement - 1

Goverment & Funding In the State of North Carolina - Personal Statement Example The paper will involve an analysis of supporting and contrasting views on the federal law. The supporters of the federal law believe that it will ensure affordable health care to all the citizens. Governor Bev Purdue has stated that ‘innovation’ can help in curtailing the health care costs and improve health care in North Carolina. The governor had consulted several health leaders in Raleigh in the state health directors’ conference. Governor Purdue stated â€Å"The work being done at the local level, through health departments, educators, schools, non profit organizations and the business community combined with the support of all state agencies is essential to inspire people to action†. A special drive to improve the health of all the people of North Carolina has been adopted through certain objectives stated in the â€Å"Healthy North Carolina 2020 Plan†. The primary focus of this plan would be on the use of tobacco, unsafe sex, nutritional and physical activity, environmental risks, communicable diseases, mental health, infant and mother’s health, chronic diseases and dental health to name a few. The health ranking of North Carolin a is 35th in the country. The healthy North Carolina 2020 plan emphasizes on concerted efforts of the state, locality and regions to improve health in North Carolina against certain targets. Several evidence-based strategies are being adopted as for example, biking. The public health division has to meet various goals against resource constraints, set in healthy NC 2020 (NC Department of Health and Human Services, 2011). The Patient Protection and Affordability Act were enacted to introduce health care reforms. On March 23, 2010 a comprehensive health reform was signed by the President Mr. Barrack Obama, which converted the act into a law. This act addresses the issues related to the

Leadership and Management in Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Leadership and Management in Practice - Essay Example From the experience of nurse managers, the problems with work are problems mostly with people. The primary purpose for studying leadership and management is to learn how to work with people, not only as individuals but also as members of groups, teams, and organizations. Use of nursing leadership and management concepts and skills allows the nurse manager a greater understanding and control of events in work situations (Clark, 1994). In health care we work in many different kinds of teams, many of them multidisciplinary, with many different management arrangements. There are many teams where managerially the team is accountable to one person but individual members each have professional hierarchies of their own. In many of the teams I have worked with there are some members who believe the team exists in order to advise the team leader, and others who perceive it as a decision-making group, with all members having an equal say. When these beliefs coexist in the same group, without being made explicit, then unresolved conflict is inevitable, and typically members will complain about each other (Wenckus, 1995). The scenario which is being dealt in here actually happened in our unit. There are two teams, team A and team B. As of now, there is gross animosity between these two teams to an extent that member of team A has stopped talking to each other and among one another. If several members of team-A are out sick, no one in team B will help team A on work. Team A members have stopped taking telephone messages of any members in team B and team B members would ask the caller to call later if the call is for any one in team A. When members of each team come across each other in the hall, they try to avoid eye contact or if at all they make contacts they will glare at each other. It seems the whole unit is in a state of perennial argument with one another. In many states during the work, the argument is sure to occur when the same piece of

Scott Consigny on Protagoras and Logos: A Study in Greek Philosophy and Rhetoric. :: Philosophy Philosophical Papers

Scott Consigny on Protagoras and Logos: A Study in Greek Philosophy and Rhetoric Edward Schiappa's cogent and eloquent book fully deserves the praise it has received. As Donovan Ochs observes in his 1991 review of the book (RSQ 21: 3942), Schiappa, presents a clear account of Protagoras' philosophy and supports his reading with a detailed analysis of each of Protagoras' five extant fragments. But even though Schiappa's reading is compelling, we need not necessarily be persuaded by it; for as Protagoras himself remarks, it is always possible to articulate two opposed accounts about everything, and to make the ostensibly weaker account stronger. In this review I will undertake a "Protagorean" project, articulating and defending an account of Protagoras' philosophy that is opposed to Schiappa's account. To this end I will briefly sketch Schiappa's account, which I label an "enlightenment" reading of Protagoras, and I will then sketch an opposed, "rhetoricist" reading of the Sophist. Schiappa begins his study by acknowledging his debt to George Grote and Eric Havelock. Schiappa concurs with Grote's assessment of the Sophists as "a positive force" in the fifth-century Greek enlightenment (12); and he accepts Havelock's notion that the transition from orality to literacy in Greek society led to a progression "from a mythic-poetic to a more literate, humanistic-rationalistic culture" (21). Drawing on these two scholars, Schiappa depicts Protagoras as a pivotal figure of the fifth century enlightenment helping to transform Greece from an irrational, mythical and theocentric culture into a rational and humanistic culture. Schiappa then proceeds to examine Protagoras' contribution to this intellectual progress, namely his advocacy and analysis of logos, or "rationality" as the proper means of inquiry. In a detailed analysis of Protagoras' five extant fragments, Schiappa argues that Protagoras provides the groundwork for the subsequent development of rational inquiry by delineating the assumptions or principles, the proper procedure or method, and the kind of results or explanations that may be attained through rational inquiry. Concerning Protagoras' conception of the starting points or principles of inquiry, Schiappa argues that in his remark that "humanity is the measure of all things," Protagoras sharply differentiates his anthropocentric logos from the theocentric mythos of the poets who claim to be inspired by the gods. Schiappa also construes Protagoras' remark that he is unable to know whether or not the gods exist as further underscoring the Sophist's rejection of theocentricity. These remarks are fundamental to Protagoras' project, for in them he suggests that valid inquiry must be initiated by humans themselves, without information supplied by the gods.